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309

22.5

Overcoming Noise

Most signalling pathways depend on small numbers of molecules interacting with

each other, hence the outcome is likely to be affected by stochastic noise. This

was examined some time ago in eukaryotic gene expression, ¹² but noise in ligand–

receptor binding has received less attention. Pierobon and Akyildiz (2011) have

carried out an initial study of noise in a realistic diffusion-based molecular com-

munication system. The advantage of requiring multiple ligand–receptor binding

events to trigger an effect for noise suppression (i.e., increasing molecular detection

efficiency) has been described in Sect. 14.6.

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